Hello friends,
With a special suggestion from some special friends, I finally managed to pen down some facts with my feelings about the intense and long-fought for issue in India, The Naxalite or lately the Maoist problem. Well, most importantly, I used the word ‘problem’ because in India, we happen to take every problem a government faces to be one of our own. To th
is, we are accustomed, not as citizens but as blind flock who follow the media interpretation of government lies. We cannot blame ourselves for it, I do accept. We are more busy making money, running along with the flow, partying, gossiping or watching the non-stop, breathless babbling of the vamps in the unending soap-operas. Infact this ‘problem’ is long forgotten by everyone till the recent massacre in Dantewade, Chattisgarh.
When the Maoist military commander, Kishenji took the responsibility to the Silda camp attack which occurred on 15th February, 2010, there was a nation-wide shock and panic. This was one of the biggest ambush and the worst attack on a police/military encampment in 20 years. The government, especially the Union Home Minister, P.Chidambaram, was furious and so was the media and the nation as a whole. Also in another massive strike on Ap
ril 6, 2010, Maoist rebels killed 75 policemen in a jungle ambush in central India in the worst-ever massacre of security forces by the insurgents. I was wondering what the reason might be for such an offensive strike by the rather defensive and so far inactive maoist group. Upon further investigation, I found out that this was the result of government’s ‘Operation Green Hunt’ which made all the maoists furious resulting in such a act of rebellion. Gopal, a top Maoist leader, said the jungle ambush attack was a "direct consequence" of the government's Operation Green Hunt offensive. As they usually say, ‘As ye sow, so shall ye reap’ or simply, ‘Every action action has an equal and opposite reaction’, the government and Mr. Chidambaram ‘got the taste of their own medicine’. But I don’t support the ‘Eye for an eye’ notion of the maoists either. Yes, they were a lot of help in villages with no basic amenities. Yes, they took over the illegal lands of evil landlords to feed the needy. Yes, they decreased the rate of bonded labour in tucked away villages where no government above the landlord prevailed. But those conditions are long gone. Now, there are more important issues to be worried about and I don’t think they are in the scope of the maoists to provide or to fight for those against the government.
As far as the concept and history are concerned, this naxal war or naxalism is really motivating. Naxalites, Naxals or Naksalvadis, are a group of far-left radical communists, supportive of Maoist political sentiment and ideology. Their origin can be traced to the split in 1967 of the Communist Party of India (Marxist), leading to formation of Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist). Initially the movement had its centre in West Bengal. In recent years, it has spread into less developed areas of rural central and eastern India, such as Chhattisgarh,Orissa and Andhra Pradesh through the activities of underground groups like the Communist Party of India (Maoist). The term Naxalites comes from Naxalbari, a small village in West Bengal, where an extremist section of Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) led by Charu Majumdar, Kanu Sanyal and Jangal Santhal initiated a violent uprising in 1967. On May 18, 1967, the Siliguri Kishan Sabha, of which Jangal was the president, declared their readiness to adopt armed struggle to redistribute land from the landlords. The following week, a sharecropper near Naxalbari village was attacked by the landlord's men over a land dispute. On May 24, when a police team arrived to arrest the peasant leaders, they were ambushed by a group of tribes led by Jangal Santhal, and an inspector was killed in a hail of arrows. Subsequently, many Santhal tribes and other peasants joined the movement and started attacking local landlords. 
The ideological leadership for the Naxalbari movem ent was provided by Charu Majumdar who was enamoured by the doctrines of Mao Zedong, and advocated that Indian peasants and lower class tribals overthrow the government and upper classes through the barrel of the gun. A large number of city elites were also attracted to the ideology, which spread through Majumdar's writings, particularly the 'Historic Eight Documents' which formed the basis of Naxalite ideology. In 1967 'Naxalites' organized the All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries (AICCCR), and later broke away from CPI(M). Violent 'uprisings' were organized in several parts of the country. In 1969 AICCCR gave birth to Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (CPI(ML)).
Practically all Naxalite groups trace their origin to the CPI(ML). A separate tendency from the beginning was the Maoist Communist Centre, which evolved out of the Dakshin Desh-group. MCC later fused with People's War Group to form Communist Party of India (Maoist). A third tendency is that of the Andhra revolutionary communists, which was mainly presented by UCCRI(ML), following the mass line legacy of T. Nagi Reddy. That tendency broke with AICCCR at an early stage.
During the 1970s the movement was fragmented into several disputing factions. By 1980 it was estimated that around 30 Naxalite groups were active, with a combined membership of 30,000. A 2004 home ministry estimate puts numbers at that time as "9,300 hardcore underground cadre… [holding] around 6,500 regular weapons beside a large number of unlicensed country-made arms". According to Judith Vidal-Hall (2006), "More recent figures put the strength of the movement at 15,000, and claim the guerrillas control an estimated one fifth of India's forests, as well as being active in 160 of the country's 604 administrative districts." India's Research and Analysis Wing, believed in 2006 that 20,000 Naxals are currently involved in the growing insurgency.
Today some groups have become legal organisations participating in parliamentary elections, such as Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation. Others, such as Communist Party of India (Maoist) and Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Janashakti, are engaged in armed guerrilla struggles.
On 6th April, 2010 Naxalites launched the biggest assault in the history of Naxalite movement by killing over 75 security personnel. The attacked was launched by over 1000 naxalites in a well planned manner butchering 76 CRPF jawans in two separate ambushes and wounding 50 others, in the jungles of Chattisgarh's Dantewada district. They planted pressure mines in almost all trees in a radius of 3km from the CRPF camp so that wherever the security personnel hide that tree exploded.
Violence has peaked in India from Maoist or Naxalite separatist violence being more dangerous to India's national security, as declared by Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh.
The Indian Ministry of Home Affairs estimates the following yearly death tolls from the violence:
- 1996: 156 deaths
- 1997: 428 deaths
- 1998: 270 deaths
- 1999: 363 deaths
- 2000: 50 deaths
- 2001: 100+ deaths
- 2002: 140 deaths
- 2003: 451 deaths
- 2004: 500+ deaths
- 2005: 700+ deaths
- 2006: 750 deaths
- 2007: 650 deaths
- 2008: 794 deaths
- 2009: 1,134 deaths
According to the BBC, more than 6,000 people have died during the rebels' 20-year fight.
Yet many questions remain unanswered. Who is responsible? Why are they so irresponsible? What are the steps required to call in talks? What is the best to way to reach a mutual agreement? What are all the ways to watch over and implement the goals set during mutual agreement? Both the maoist leaders and the government, if concentrate on answering these questions than condemning each other and seeking revenge over one another’s actions, it might not be too late realising the loss occurred. They ceased to see this. Neither the maoists nor the government are bothered now to look back at their foundations and validate themselves accordingly.
This might seem an old message but as soon as the strong and responsible youth like us try and get our thoughts out of the shells of bookish education, campus recruitments or overseas opportunities and realise the power we possess, the change we all want can be brought in. We all the have equal and very useful power in our hands. This power, the ability to bring in any change we collectively think is necessary, when used as per its validity u
nder the provided conditions will yield results which are way beyond explanation. This power is inherited by every youth who is qualified to vote. It is your birth right that you inherit this power. It doesn’t matter whet her you are rich or poor, male or female, belong to any religion, caste or creed, educated or not. This is our country. People with rebellious nature don’t always end up hitting people they don’t like. It is in the plan of action how your offensive thoughts strike their target. Choice of your weapon should be in such a way that the explosion it creates should echo your voice not it's own. The sound of your thought should reverberate, not that of the weapon. I’d like to repeat again. The maoists and the government CEASED TO SEE but you shouldn’t stop. Look at and analyse the situation of the country you live in and make your life comfortable accordingly. Try changing the world by changing your home. Start a revolution within yourself and see how it transforms the world around you slowly yet steadily.
Please leave in your comments about the steps you take and we all should so that we stop criticizing the nation and start criticizing ourselves. Thank You.